通tong信xin協xie議yi與yu應ying用yong的de測ce試shi是shi通tong信xin領ling域yu中zhong非fei常chang關guan鍵jian和he難nan解jie決jue的de問wen題ti
，它ta已yi經jing成cheng為wei通tong信xin協xie議yi工gong程cheng學xue中zhong最zui活huo躍yue的de領ling域yu之zhi一yi。測ce試shi中zhong兩liang類lei最zui基ji本ben測ce試shi包bao括kuo一yi致zhi性xing測ce試shi和he互hu操cao作zuo性xing測ce試shi。一yi致zhi性xing測ce試shi是shi互hu操cao作zuo性xing測ce試shi的de必bi要yao條tiao件jian。藍lan牙ya硬ying件jian產chan品pin的de測ce試shi主zhu要yao是shi互hu操cao作zuo性xing測ce試shi和he性xing能neng測ce試shi
，由you提ti供gong商shang完wan成cheng；而協議軟件既有一致性測試，又有互連測試和性能測試；對dui於yu應ying用yong程cheng序xu來lai說shuo，一yi致zhi性xing測ce試shi僅jin僅jin停ting留liu在zai理li論lun階jie段duan
，但dan互hu連lian測ce試shi和he性xing能neng測ce試shi是shi必bi不bu可ke少shao的de。因yin此ci，完wan成cheng一yi致zhi性xing測ce試shi一yi方fang麵mian可ke以yi保bao證zheng產chan品pin的de正zheng確que性xing
，另ling一yi方fang麵mian可ke以yi在zai出chu現xian錯cuo誤wu的de情qing況kuang下xia，幫bang助zhu實shi現xian者zhe去qu知zhi道dao錯cuo在zai哪na裏li，如ru何he修xiu正zheng錯cuo誤wu。

 

　　

 

軟件測試是檢驗軟件是否產生了正確輸出的過程，是通過在測試的實際輸出與預期輸出（當軟件正確執行時的輸出）zhijianwanchengyicihuoduocibijiaolaishixiande。zidonghuazhixingceshiyonglishizidongceshidechufadian


，ranerbijiaogongzuoshizhongfuxinghefuzaderenwu，shiruanjianceshizhongkelunzhengdezidonghuachengduzuigaoderenwu。changchangshicongzidonghuazhongshouyizuiduoderenwu。zidongzhixingceshiyonglihuichanshengdaliangdeshuchu，tongchangxuyaoyongmouxiefangfayanzhengzhexieshuchu

，danshibingfeisuoyoudeceshidouxuyaoxiangxibijiaoshuchu。yinci，zidonghuazhixingceshiyonglihezidonghuabijiaozhixingjieguoshizidongceshiguanzhudezuizhuyaodelianggewenti。

 

自zi動dong化hua比bi較jiao按an比bi較jiao的de時shi機ji來lai分fen，可ke以yi分fen為wei動dong態tai比bi較jiao和he執zhi行xing後hou比bi較jiao。動dong態tai比bi較jiao就jiu是shi在zai執zhi行xing測ce試shi事shi例li時shi進jin行xing的de比bi較jiao。使shi用yong動dong態tai比bi較jiao有you助zhu於yu為wei測ce試shi事shi例li編bian入ru一yi些xie智zhi能neng化hua的de功gong能neng，使shi測ce試shi事shi例li根gen據ju出chu現xian的de輸shu出chu采cai取qu不bu同tong的de動dong作zuo。例li如ru
，如ru果guo出chu現xian意yi外wai的de輸shu出chu
，則ze說shuo明ming測ce試shi腳jiao本ben與yu測ce試shi的de軟ruan件jian不bu一yi致zhi
，因yin此ci最zui好hao以yi異yi常chang的de方fang式shi終zhong止zhi測ce試shi事shi例li，而er不bu是shi繼ji續xu執zhi行xing。執zhi行xing後hou比bi較jiao是shi在zai測ce試shi事shi例li運yun行xing完wan畢bi後hou執zhi行xing的de比bi較jiao。這zhe兩liang種zhong比bi較jiao方fang式shi對dui於yu測ce試shi結jie果guo都dou有you決jue定ding性xing作zuo用yong，因yin此ci自zi動dong化hua比bi較jiao模mo塊kuai的de性xing能neng對dui於yu自zi動dong化hua測ce試shi程cheng序xu的de影ying響xiang至zhi關guan重zhong要yao，也ye是shiPAN自動測試重點關注的問題。

 

 

軟件質量是與軟件產品滿足明確或隱含需求的能力有關的特征和特性的總和（ISO 9126）
，ruanjiandezhiliangbaozhengyizhishiruanjianchanyedeyigezhongdaketi。suizheshehuixinxihuachengdudetigao
，ruanjianyingyonglingyuyuelaiyueguangfan
，ruanjianchanpinyeyuelaiyuefuza，ruanjianchanpinzhiliangdeyoulieyeriyishoudaorenmendezhongshi，ruanjiandezhiliangbaozhengyichengweikaifashangheyonghuguanzhudejiaodian
，zhiliangbaozhengnenglideqiangruozhijieyingxiangzheruanjianyedefazhanyushengcun。

 

ruanjianceshishichengxudeyizhongzhixingguocheng，mudeshijinkenengfaxianbinggaizhengbeiceshiruanjianzhongdecuowu，tigaoruanjiandezhiliang。tashiruanjianshengmingzhouqizhongyixiangfeichangzhongyaoqiefeichangfuzadegongzuo

，duiruanjiankekaoxingbaozhengjuyoujiqizhongyaodeyiyi。zaimuqianxingshihuafangfahechengxuzhengquexingzhengmingjishuhaimeiyouchengweishiyongxingfangfadeqingkuangxia
，ruanjianceshizaijianglaixiangdangyiduanshijianneirengranshiruanjiankekaoxingbaozhengdeyouxiaofangfa。yinci

，yanjiuruanjianchanpinceshijishu，kaifaruanjianzidongceshi工具，已成為軟件質量保證的一個暈重要的任務。

 

 

目前協議測試主要包括四種測試：

 

 

一致性的含義是：如ru果guo某mou實shi際ji係xi統tong與yu其qi它ta實shi際ji係xi統tong的de通tong信xin過guo程cheng符fu合he所suo用yong協xie議yi的de國guo際ji標biao準zhun
，則ze稱cheng該gai實shi際ji係xi統tong展zhan示shi了le一yi致zhi性xing。一yi致zhi性xing測ce試shi正zheng是shi用yong來lai檢jian測ce所suo實shi現xian係xi統tong與yu協xie議yi規gui範fan的de符fu合he程cheng度du。一yi致zhi性xing測ce試shi的de主zhu要yao目mu的de是shi提ti高gao不bu同tong係xi統tong之zhi間jian能neng夠gou互hu通tong的de概gai率lv。雖sui然ran一yi致zhi性xing是shi保bao證zheng互hu通tong能neng力li的de必bi要yao條tiao件jian
，但dan並bing不bu是shi充chong分fen條tiao件jian。即ji便bian兩liang個ge實shi現xian都dou與yu同tong一yi個ge協xie議yi規gui範fan一yi致zhi，它ta們men也ye有you可ke能neng完wan全quan不bu能neng互hu通tong。如ru果guo兩liang個ge實shi現xian都dou能neng與yu某mou個ge協xie議yi標biao準zhun的de子zi集ji相xiang一yi致zhi
，則ze這zhe兩liang個ge係xi統tong之zhi間jian在zai此ci情qing況kuang下xia互hu通tong要yao比bi在zai其qi它ta情qing況kuang下xia互hu通tong容rong易yi實shi現xian。因yin此ci保bao證zheng協xie議yi的de一yi致zhi性xing是shi實shi現xian協xie議yi以yi及ji應ying用yong互hu操cao作zuo性xing的de基ji礎chu。

 

 

互操作性測試用來檢測同一協議的不同實現版本之間、或同一類協議（如電子郵件協議X．400和sMTP）不同實現版本之間互通能力和互連操作能力。協議上的應用模型的互操作性測試是保證應用程序能否正確實現的重要指標。

 

 

它用來檢測協議實體或係統的性能指標（數據傳輸率
、連接時間、執行速度、吞吐量、並發度等）；

 

 

檢測協議實體或係統在各種惡劣環境下運行的能力（信道被中途切斷
、通信技術掉電
、注入幹擾報文等）。

 
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