yamindianzuqishimuqianyingyongfanweizuiguangfandedianziyuanjianzhiyi
，zaiyingyongdeguochengzhong，yamindianzulaohuadewentishiqizuidadequedian，jianghuiyanzhongganraoxitongdezhengchanganquangongzuo。name，youmeiyoushenmefangfanenggouyouxiaodeezhiyamindianzuqidelaohuawentine？benwenjianghuijieshaoliangzhongfangfa
，nenggoubangzhugongchengshiyouxiaojiejueyamindianzudelaohuaqingkuang。 

 

要(yao)為(wei)大(da)家(jia)介(jie)紹(shao)的(de)第(di)一(yi)個(ge)方(fang)法(fa)
，是(shi)將(jiang)壓(ya)敏(min)電(dian)阻(zu)器(qi)與(yu)陶(tao)瓷(ci)放(fang)電(dian)管(guan)並(bing)聯(lian)
，這(zhe)樣(yang)做(zuo)可(ke)以(yi)解(jie)決(jue)通(tong)過(guo)持(chi)續(xu)大(da)電(dian)流(liu)後(hou)壓(ya)敏(min)電(dian)阻(zu)性(xing)能(neng)退(tui)化(hua)的(de)問(wen)題(ti)
，延(yan)緩(huan)其(qi)老(lao)化(hua)的(de)速(su)度(du)。通(tong)過(guo)與(yu)陶(tao)瓷(ci)放(fang)電(dian)管(guan)的(de)並(bing)聯(lian)操(cao)作(zuo)，在(zai)放(fang)電(dian)管(guan)尚(shang)未(wei)導(dao)通(tong)之(zhi)前(qian)，壓(ya)敏(min)電(dian)阻(zu)就(jiu)開(kai)始(shi)動(dong)作(zuo)，對(dui)暫(zan)態(tai)過(guo)電(dian)壓(ya)進(jin)行(xing)鉗(qian)位(wei)，泄(xie)放(fang)大(da)電(dian)流(liu)，當(dang)放(fang)電(dian)管(guan)放(fang)電(dian)導(dao)通(tong)後(hou)它(ta)將(jiang)與(yu)壓(ya)敏(min)電(dian)阻(zu)進(jin)行(xing)並(bing)聯(lian)分(fen)流(liu)，減(jian)小(xiao)了(le)對(dui)壓(ya)敏(min)電(dian)阻(zu)的(de)通(tong)流(liu)壓(ya)力(li)
，從(cong)而(er)縮(suo)短(duan)了(le)壓(ya)敏(min)電(dian)阻(zu)通(tong)大(da)電(dian)流(liu)的(de)時(shi)間(jian)
，有(you)助(zhu)於(yu)減(jian)緩(huan)壓(ya)敏(min)電(dian)阻(zu)的(de)性(xing)能(neng)退(tui)化(hua)。 

 

在這種並聯組合的操作過程中，有一點需要工程師需要注意的問題，那就是如果壓敏電阻的參考電壓Uima選xuan得de過guo低di
，那na麼me放fang電dian管guan將jiang有you可ke能neng在zai暫zan態tai過guo電dian壓ya作zuo用yong期qi間jian內nei不bu會hui放fang電dian導dao通tong
，過guo電dian壓ya的de能neng量liang全quan由you壓ya敏min電dian阻zu來lai泄xie放fang，這zhe對dui壓ya敏min電dian阻zu是shi不bu利li的de，因yin此ciUimadeshuzhibixuxuandebifangdianguandezhiliufangdiandianyayaodaxiecaixing。bixuzhichu，zhezhongjinglianzuhedianlubingmeiyoujiejuefangdianguankenengchanshengdexuliuwenti，yinci

，tabuyiyingyongyujiaoliudianyuanxitongdebaohu。 

 

第二種能夠保護壓敏電阻器並延遲其老化的措施，是將壓敏電阻與陶瓷放電管串聯，串聯後的電路圖如下圖所示： 

壓敏電阻與陶瓷放電管串聯電路圖

 

在zai正zheng常chang的de運yun行xing狀zhuang態tai下xia，壓ya敏min電dian阻zu其qi在zai電dian路lu係xi統tong的de工gong作zuo中zhong常chang常chang具ju有you較jiao大da的de寄ji生sheng電dian容rong

，當dang它ta應ying用yong於yu交jiao流liu電dian源yuan係xi統tong的de保bao護hu時shi，會hui在zai正zheng常chang運yun行xing狀zhuang態tai下xia產chan生sheng數shu值zhi可ke觀guan的de泄xie漏lou電dian流liu。例li如ru一yi個ge寄ji生sheng電dian容rong為wei2nF的壓敏電阻安裝在220V、50hz的交流電源係統中，其泄漏電流可達0.14mA
，這(zhe)樣(yang)大(da)的(de)泄(xie)漏(lou)電(dian)流(liu)往(wang)往(wang)會(hui)對(dui)係(xi)統(tong)的(de)正(zheng)常(chang)運(yun)行(xing)產(chan)生(sheng)影(ying)響(xiang)。而(er)當(dang)我(wo)們(men)將(jiang)壓(ya)敏(min)電(dian)阻(zu)與(yu)陶(tao)瓷(ci)氣(qi)體(ti)放(fang)電(dian)管(guan)串(chuan)聯(lian)之(zhi)後(hou)，由(you)於(yu)放(fang)電(dian)管(guan)的(de)寄(ji)生(sheng)電(dian)容(rong)很(hen)小(xiao)
，可(ke)使(shi)整(zheng)個(ge)串(chuan)聯(lian)支(zhi)路(lu)的(de)總(zong)電(dian)容(rong)減(jian)到(dao)幾(ji)個(ge)微(wei)法(fa)。在(zai)這(zhe)種(zhong)串(chuan)聯(lian)組(zu)合(he)支(zhi)路(lu)中(zhong)，放(fang)電(dian)管(guan)起(qi)著(zhe)一(yi)個(ge)開(kai)關(guan)作(zuo)用(yong)。當(dang)沒(mei)有(you)暫(zan)態(tai)過(guo)電(dian)壓(ya)作(zuo)用(yong)時(shi)
，它(ta)能(neng)夠(gou)將(jiang)壓(ya)敏(min)電(dian)阻(zu)與(yu)係(xi)統(tong)隔(ge)開(kai)
，使(shi)壓(ya)敏(min)電(dian)阻(zu)中(zhong)幾(ji)乎(hu)無(wu)泄(xie)漏(lou)電(dian)流(liu)
，這(zhe)就(jiu)能(neng)降(jiang)低(di)壓(ya)敏(min)電(dian)阻(zu)的(de)參(can)考(kao)電(dian)壓(ya)Uima而不必顧及由此會引起泄漏電流的增大，從而能較為有效地減緩壓敏電阻性能的衰退。 

 

希望通過本文對壓敏電阻器的防老化措施介紹，為研發工程師的電路係統設計工作提供一定的幫助。